Tampilkan postingan dengan label Umum. Tampilkan semua postingan
Tampilkan postingan dengan label Umum. Tampilkan semua postingan
Minggu, 09 Desember 2012
Congee
Congee
or conjee is a type of rice porridge or gruel popular in many Asian
countries. When eaten as plain rice congee, it is most often served with
side dishes. When additional ingredients, such as meat, fish, and
flavorings, are added whilst preparing the congee, it is most often
served as a meal on its own, especially when one is ill. Names for
congee are as varied as the style of its preparation. Despite its many
variations, it is always a thick porridge or soup of rice which has
usually disintegrated after prolonged cooking in copious water.
Plastik
Plastik (German for Plastic) is
the sixth studio album by the German band Oomph!. With this album, the
band changed its style to feature more pronounced sythesizer riffs,
overall softer vocals and progressed drumming and guitar playing.
Track listing
Das weisse Licht (The White Light) - 4:01
Kennst du mich? (Do you know me?) - 4:44
Scorn - 4:01
Keine Luft mehr (No more air) - 3:59
Hunger - 4:11
Nothing Is Real - 4:00
Mein Traum (My dream) - 4:34
Always - 3:46
Goldenes Herz (Golden Heart) - 4:30
I Come Alive - 4:23
Fieber (featuring Nina Hagen) (Fever) - 4:13
My Own Private Prison - 4:13
Das weiße Licht (Refraction) - 1:56
Track listing
Das weisse Licht (The White Light) - 4:01
Kennst du mich? (Do you know me?) - 4:44
Scorn - 4:01
Keine Luft mehr (No more air) - 3:59
Hunger - 4:11
Nothing Is Real - 4:00
Mein Traum (My dream) - 4:34
Always - 3:46
Goldenes Herz (Golden Heart) - 4:30
I Come Alive - 4:23
Fieber (featuring Nina Hagen) (Fever) - 4:13
My Own Private Prison - 4:13
Das weiße Licht (Refraction) - 1:56
Sabtu, 08 Desember 2012
mirror
A mirror is an object that reflects light or sound in a way
that preserves much of its original quality subsequent to its contact
with the mirror. Some mirrors also filter out some wavelengths, while
preserving other wavelengths in the reflection. This is different from
other light-reflecting objects that do not preserve much of the original
wave signal other than color and diffuse reflected light. The most
familiar type of mirror is the plane mirror, which has a flat surface. Curved mirrors are also used, to produce magnified or diminished images or focus light or simply distort the reflected image.
Mirrors are commonly used for personal grooming or admiring oneself (in which case the archaic term looking-glass is sometimes still used), decoration, and architecture. Mirrors are also used in scientific apparatus such as telescopes and lasers, cameras, and industrial machinery. Most mirrors are designed for visible light; however, mirrors designed for other types of waves or other wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation are also used, especially in non-optical instruments.
Mirrors are commonly used for personal grooming or admiring oneself (in which case the archaic term looking-glass is sometimes still used), decoration, and architecture. Mirrors are also used in scientific apparatus such as telescopes and lasers, cameras, and industrial machinery. Most mirrors are designed for visible light; however, mirrors designed for other types of waves or other wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation are also used, especially in non-optical instruments.
Origin of the word
Origin of the word
The word bank was borrowed in Middle English from Middle French banque, from Old Italian banca, from Old High German banc, bank "bench, counter". Benches were used as desks or exchange counters during the Renaissance by Florentine bankers, who used to make their transactions atop desks covered by green tablecloths.[12]One of the oldest items found showing money-changing activity is a silver Greek drachm coin from ancient Hellenic colony Trapezus on the Black Sea, modern Trabzon, c. 350–325 BC, presented in the British Museum in London. The coin shows a banker's table (trapeza) laden with coins, a pun on the name of the city. In fact, even today in Modern Greek the word Trapeza (Τράπεζα) means both a table and a bank.
Another possible origin of the word is from the Sanskrit words (ब्यय) 'byaya' (expense) and 'onka' (calculation) = byaya-onka. This word still survives in Bangla, which is one of Sanskrit's child languages. ব্যায় + অঙ্ক = ব্যাঙ্ক . Such expense calculations were the biggest part of mathematical treatises written by Indian mathematicians as early as 500 B.C.
History Bank
Banking in the modern sense of the word can be traced to medieval and early Renaissance Italy, to the rich cities in the north like Florence, Venice and Sialkot Genoa. The Bardi and Peruzzi families dominated banking in 14th century Florence, establishing branches in many other parts of Europe.[9] One of the most famous Italian banks was the Medici Bank, set up by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici in 1397.[10] The earliest known state deposit bank, Banco di San Giorgio (Bank of St. George), was founded in 1407 at Genoa, Italy.
bank
A bank is a financial institution and a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and channels those deposits into lending activities, either directly by loaning or indirectly through capital markets.
A bank is the connection between customers that have capital deficits
and customers with capital surpluses.Oxford Dictionary defines a bank as
"an establishment for custody of money, which it pays out on customer's
order."
Due to their influence within a financial system and an economy, banks are generally highly regulated in most countries. Most banks operate under a system known as fractional reserve banking where they hold only a small reserve of the funds deposited and lend out the rest for profit. They are generally subject to minimum capital requirements which are based on an international set of capital standards, known as the Basel Accords.
The oldest bank still in existence is Monte dei Paschi di Siena, headquartered in Siena, Italy, which has been operating continuously since 1472.[1] It is followed by Berenberg Bank of Hamburg (1590)[2] and Sveriges Riksbank of Sweden (1668).
Banking in its modern sense evolved in rich cities of Renaissance Italy, such as Florence, Venice and Genoa. In the history of banking, a number of banking dynasties—among them notably Medici,[3] Fugger,[4] Welser,[5] Berenberg,[6] Baring[7] and Rothschild[8]—have played a central role over many centuries.
Due to their influence within a financial system and an economy, banks are generally highly regulated in most countries. Most banks operate under a system known as fractional reserve banking where they hold only a small reserve of the funds deposited and lend out the rest for profit. They are generally subject to minimum capital requirements which are based on an international set of capital standards, known as the Basel Accords.
The oldest bank still in existence is Monte dei Paschi di Siena, headquartered in Siena, Italy, which has been operating continuously since 1472.[1] It is followed by Berenberg Bank of Hamburg (1590)[2] and Sveriges Riksbank of Sweden (1668).
Banking in its modern sense evolved in rich cities of Renaissance Italy, such as Florence, Venice and Genoa. In the history of banking, a number of banking dynasties—among them notably Medici,[3] Fugger,[4] Welser,[5] Berenberg,[6] Baring[7] and Rothschild[8]—have played a central role over many centuries.
Historic pens
Historic pens
These historic types of pens are no longer in common use as writing instruments, but may be used by calligraphers and other artists:- A dip pen (or nib pen) consists of a metal nib with capillary channels, like that a fountain pen, mounted on a handle or holder, often made of wood. A dip pen usually has no ink reservoir and must be repeatedly recharged with ink while drawing or writing. The dip pen has certain advantages over a fountain pen. It can use waterproof pigmented (particle-and-binder-based) inks, such as so-called India ink, drawing ink, or acrylic inks, which would destroy a fountain pen by clogging, as well as the traditional iron gall ink, which can cause corrosion in a fountain pen. Dip pens are now mainly used in illustration, calligraphy, and comics. A particularly fine-pointed type of dip pen known as a crowquill is a favorite instrument of artists, such as David Stone Martin and Jay Lynch, because its flexible metal point can create a variety of delicate lines, textures and tones with slight pressures while drawing.
- The ink brush is the traditional writing implement in East Asian calligraphy. The body of the brush can be made from either bamboo, or rarer materials such as red sandalwood, glass, ivory, silver, and gold. The head of the brush can be made from the hair (or feathers) of a wide variety of animals, including the weasel, rabbit, deer, chicken, duck, goat, pig, tiger, etc. There is also a tradition in both China and Japan of making a brush using the hair of a newborn, as a once-in-a-lifetime souvenir for the child. This practice is associated with the legend of an ancient Chinese scholar who scored first in the Imperial examinations by using such a personalized brush. Calligraphy brushes are widely considered an extension of the calligrapher's arm. Today, calligraphy may also be done using a pen, but pen calligraphy does not enjoy the same prestige as traditional brush calligraphy.
- A quill is a pen made from a flight feather of a large bird, most often a goose. Quills were used as instruments for writing with ink before the metal dip pen, the fountain pen, and eventually the ballpoint pen came into use. Quill pens were used in medieval times to write on parchment or paper. The quill eventually replaced the reed pen.
- A reed pen is cut from a reed or bamboo, with a slit in a narrow tip. Its mechanism is essentially similar to that of a quill. The reed pen has almost disappeared but it is still used by young school students in some parts of India and Pakistan, who learn to write with them on small timber boards known as "Takhti".
Modern pens
Modern pens
The main modern types of pens can be categorized by the kind of writing tip or point:
- A ballpoint pen dispenses viscous oil-based ink by rolling a small hard sphere, usually 0.7–1.2 mm and made of brass, steel or tungsten carbide.[2] The ink dries almost immediately on contact with paper. The ballpoint pen is usually reliable and inexpensive.[citation needed] It has replaced the fountain pen as the most common tool for everyday writing.
- A fountain pen uses water-based liquid ink delivered through a nib. The ink flows from a reservoir through a "feed" to the nib, then through the nib, due to capillary action and gravity. The nib has no moving parts and delivers ink through a thin slit to the writing surface. A fountain pen reservoir can be refillable or disposable, this disposable type being an ink cartridge. A pen with a refillable reservoir may have a mechanism, such as a piston, to draw ink from a bottle through the nib, or it may require refilling with an eyedropper. Refill reservoirs, also known as cartridge converters, are available for some pens to use disposable cartridges.
- A marker, or felt-tip pen, has a porous tip of fibrous material. The smallest, finest-tipped markers are used for writing on paper. Medium-tip markers are often used by children for coloring and drawing. Larger markers are used for writing on other surfaces such as corrugated boxes, whiteboards and for chalkboards, often called "liquid chalk" or "chalkboard markers." Markers with wide tips and bright but transparent ink, called highlighters, are used to mark existing text. Markers designed for children or for temporary writing (as with a whiteboard or overhead projector) typically use non-permanent inks. Large markers used to label shipping cases or other packages are usually permanent markers.
- A rollerball pen dispenses a water-based liquid or gel ink through a ball tip similar to that of a ballpoint pen. The less-viscous ink is more easily absorbed by paper than oil-based ink, and the pen moves more easily across a writing surface. The rollerball pen was initially designed to combine the convenience of a ballpoint pen with the smooth "wet ink" effect of a fountain pen. Gel inks are available in a range of colors, including metallic paint colors and glitter effects.
pen
A pen (Latin penna, feather) is a device used to apply ink to a surface, usually paper, for writing or drawing. Historically, reed pens, quill pens, and dip pens were used, with a nib dipped in the ink. Ruling pens allow precise adjustment of line width, and still find a few specialized uses, but technical pens such as the Rapidograph are more commonly used. Modern types also include ballpoint, rollerball, fountain, and felt or ceramic tip pens. [1]
History Facebook
Mark Zuckerberg wrote Facemash, the predecessor to Facebook, on October 28, 2003, while attending Harvard as a sophomore. According to The Harvard Crimson, the site was comparable to Hot or Not,
and "used photos compiled from the online facebooks of nine houses,
placing two next to each other at a time and asking users to choose the
'hotter' person"[17][18]
Mark Zuckerberg co-created Facebook in his Harvard dorm room.
To accomplish this, Zuckerberg hacked into the protected areas of Harvard's computer network and copied the houses' private dormitory ID images. Harvard at that time did not have a student "facebook"
(a directory with photos and basic information), though individual
houses had been issuing their own paper facebooks since the mid-1980s.
Facemash attracted 450 visitors and 22,000 photo-views in its first four
hours online.[17][19]
The site was quickly forwarded to several campus group list-servers, but was shut down a few days later by the Harvard administration. Zuckerberg was charged by the administration with breach of security, violating copyrights, and violating individual privacy, and faced expulsion. Ultimately, the charges were dropped.[20] Zuckerberg expanded on this initial project that semester by creating a social study tool ahead of an art history final, by uploading 500 Augustan images to a website, with one image per page along with a comment section.[19] He opened the site up to his classmates, and people started sharing their notes.
The following semester, Zuckerberg began writing code for a new website in January 2004. He was inspired, he said, by an editorial in The Harvard Crimson about the Facemash incident.[21] On February 4, 2004, Zuckerberg launched "Thefacebook", originally located at thefacebook.com.[22]
Six days after the site launched, three Harvard seniors, Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra, accused Zuckerberg of intentionally misleading them into believing he would help them build a social network called HarvardConnection.com, while he was instead using their ideas to build a competing product.[23] The three complained to the Harvard Crimson, and the newspaper began an investigation. The three later filed a lawsuit against Zuckerberg, subsequently settling.[24]
Membership was initially restricted to students of Harvard College, and within the first month, more than half the undergraduate population at Harvard was registered on the service.[25] Eduardo Saverin (business aspects), Dustin Moskovitz (programmer), Andrew McCollum (graphic artist), and Chris Hughes soon joined Zuckerberg to help promote the website. In March 2004, Facebook expanded to Stanford, Columbia, and Yale.[26] It soon opened to the other Ivy League schools, Boston University, New York University, MIT, and gradually most universities in Canada and the United States.[27][28]
Facebook was incorporated in mid-2004, and the entrepreneur Sean Parker, who had been informally advising Zuckerberg, became the company's president.[29] In June 2004, Facebook moved its base of operations to Palo Alto, California.[26] It received its first investment later that month from PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel.[30] The company dropped The from its name after purchasing the domain name facebook.com in 2005 for $200,000.[31]
Facebook launched a high-school version in September 2005, which Zuckerberg called the next logical step.[42] At that time, high-school networks required an invitation to join.[43] Facebook later expanded membership eligibility to employees of several companies, including Apple Inc. and Microsoft.[44] Facebook was then opened on September 26, 2006, to everyone of age 13 and older with a valid email address.[45][46]
On October 24, 2007, Microsoft announced that it had purchased a 1.6% share of Facebook for $240 million, giving Facebook a total implied value of around $15 billion.[47] Microsoft's purchase included rights to place international ads on Facebook.[48] In October 2008, Facebook announced that it would set up its international headquarters in Dublin, Ireland.[49] In September 2009, Facebook said that it had turned cash-flow positive for the first time.[50] In November 2010, based on SecondMarket Inc., an exchange for shares of privately held companies, Facebook's value was $41 billion (slightly surpassing eBay's) and it became the third largest U.S. Web company after Google and Amazon.[51]
Traffic to Facebook increased steadily after 2009. More people visited Facebook than Google for the week ending March 13, 2010.[52]
In March 2011 it was reported that Facebook removes approximately 20,000 profiles from the site every day for various infractions, including spam, inappropriate content and underage use, as part of its efforts to boost cyber security.[53]
In early 2011, Facebook announced plans to move to its new headquarters, the former Sun Microsystems campus in Menlo Park, California.[54][55]
Release of statistics by DoubleClick showed that Facebook reached one trillion page views in the month of June 2011, making it the most visited website of those tracked by DoubleClick.[56]
According to the Nielsen Media Research study, released in December 2011, Facebook is the second most accessed website in the US (behind Google).[57]
In March 2012, Facebook announced App Center, an online mobile store which sells applications that connect to Facebook. The store will be available to iPhone, Android and mobile web users.[58]
Facebook, Inc. held an initial public offering on May 17, 2012, negotiating a share price of $38 apiece, valuing the company at $104 billion, the largest valuation to date for a newly listed public company.[59]
On July 2012, Facebook added a gay marriage icon to its timeline feature.[60]
On August 23rd, 2012 Facebook released the much anticipated update to its iOS app, version 5.0. The app, which did not receive positive sentiments from its users, was rebuilt from the ground up; the app no longer uses page views which made it slow in the past but now utilizes code that uses native elements of iOS.[61]
The site was quickly forwarded to several campus group list-servers, but was shut down a few days later by the Harvard administration. Zuckerberg was charged by the administration with breach of security, violating copyrights, and violating individual privacy, and faced expulsion. Ultimately, the charges were dropped.[20] Zuckerberg expanded on this initial project that semester by creating a social study tool ahead of an art history final, by uploading 500 Augustan images to a website, with one image per page along with a comment section.[19] He opened the site up to his classmates, and people started sharing their notes.
The following semester, Zuckerberg began writing code for a new website in January 2004. He was inspired, he said, by an editorial in The Harvard Crimson about the Facemash incident.[21] On February 4, 2004, Zuckerberg launched "Thefacebook", originally located at thefacebook.com.[22]
Six days after the site launched, three Harvard seniors, Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra, accused Zuckerberg of intentionally misleading them into believing he would help them build a social network called HarvardConnection.com, while he was instead using their ideas to build a competing product.[23] The three complained to the Harvard Crimson, and the newspaper began an investigation. The three later filed a lawsuit against Zuckerberg, subsequently settling.[24]
Membership was initially restricted to students of Harvard College, and within the first month, more than half the undergraduate population at Harvard was registered on the service.[25] Eduardo Saverin (business aspects), Dustin Moskovitz (programmer), Andrew McCollum (graphic artist), and Chris Hughes soon joined Zuckerberg to help promote the website. In March 2004, Facebook expanded to Stanford, Columbia, and Yale.[26] It soon opened to the other Ivy League schools, Boston University, New York University, MIT, and gradually most universities in Canada and the United States.[27][28]
Facebook was incorporated in mid-2004, and the entrepreneur Sean Parker, who had been informally advising Zuckerberg, became the company's president.[29] In June 2004, Facebook moved its base of operations to Palo Alto, California.[26] It received its first investment later that month from PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel.[30] The company dropped The from its name after purchasing the domain name facebook.com in 2005 for $200,000.[31]
On October 24, 2007, Microsoft announced that it had purchased a 1.6% share of Facebook for $240 million, giving Facebook a total implied value of around $15 billion.[47] Microsoft's purchase included rights to place international ads on Facebook.[48] In October 2008, Facebook announced that it would set up its international headquarters in Dublin, Ireland.[49] In September 2009, Facebook said that it had turned cash-flow positive for the first time.[50] In November 2010, based on SecondMarket Inc., an exchange for shares of privately held companies, Facebook's value was $41 billion (slightly surpassing eBay's) and it became the third largest U.S. Web company after Google and Amazon.[51]
Traffic to Facebook increased steadily after 2009. More people visited Facebook than Google for the week ending March 13, 2010.[52]
In March 2011 it was reported that Facebook removes approximately 20,000 profiles from the site every day for various infractions, including spam, inappropriate content and underage use, as part of its efforts to boost cyber security.[53]
In early 2011, Facebook announced plans to move to its new headquarters, the former Sun Microsystems campus in Menlo Park, California.[54][55]
Release of statistics by DoubleClick showed that Facebook reached one trillion page views in the month of June 2011, making it the most visited website of those tracked by DoubleClick.[56]
According to the Nielsen Media Research study, released in December 2011, Facebook is the second most accessed website in the US (behind Google).[57]
In March 2012, Facebook announced App Center, an online mobile store which sells applications that connect to Facebook. The store will be available to iPhone, Android and mobile web users.[58]
Facebook, Inc. held an initial public offering on May 17, 2012, negotiating a share price of $38 apiece, valuing the company at $104 billion, the largest valuation to date for a newly listed public company.[59]
On July 2012, Facebook added a gay marriage icon to its timeline feature.[60]
On August 23rd, 2012 Facebook released the much anticipated update to its iOS app, version 5.0. The app, which did not receive positive sentiments from its users, was rebuilt from the ground up; the app no longer uses page views which made it slow in the past but now utilizes code that uses native elements of iOS.[61]
Facebook is a social networking service launched in February 2004, owned and operated by Facebook, Inc.[5] As of September 2012, Facebook has over one billion active users,[6] more than half of them using Facebook on a mobile device.[7] Users must register before using the site, after which they may create a personal profile, add other users as friends,
and exchange messages, including automatic notifications when they
update their profile. Additionally, users may join common-interest user
groups, organized by workplace, school or college, or other
characteristics, and categorize their friends into lists such as "People
From Work" or "Close Friends".
Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates and fellow Harvard University students Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes.[8] The website's membership was initially limited by the founders to Harvard students, but was expanded to other colleges in the Boston area, the Ivy League, and Stanford University. It gradually added support for students at various other universities before opening to high school students, and eventually to anyone aged 13 and over. However, according to a May 2011 Consumer Reports survey, there are 7.5 million children under 13 with accounts and 5 million under 10, violating the site's terms of service.[9]
A January 2009 Compete.com study ranked Facebook as the most used social networking service by worldwide monthly active users.[10] Entertainment Weekly included the site on its end-of-the-decade "best-of" list, saying, "How on earth did we stalk our exes, remember our co-workers' birthdays, bug our friends, and play a rousing game of Scrabulous before Facebook?"[11] Critics, such as Facebook Detox,[12] state that Facebook has turned into a national obsession in the United States, resulting in vast amounts of time lost and encouraging narcissism. Quantcast estimates Facebook has 138.9 million monthly unique U.S. visitors in May 2011.[13] According to Social Media Today, in April 2010 an estimated 41.6% of the U.S. population had a Facebook account.[14] Nevertheless, Facebook's market growth started to stall in some regions, with the site losing 7 million active users in the United States and Canada in May 2011.[15]
The name of the service stems from the colloquial name for the book given to students at the start of the academic year by some university administrations in the United States to help students get to know each other. Facebook allows any users who declare themselves to be at least 13 years old to become registered users of the site.[16]
Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates and fellow Harvard University students Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes.[8] The website's membership was initially limited by the founders to Harvard students, but was expanded to other colleges in the Boston area, the Ivy League, and Stanford University. It gradually added support for students at various other universities before opening to high school students, and eventually to anyone aged 13 and over. However, according to a May 2011 Consumer Reports survey, there are 7.5 million children under 13 with accounts and 5 million under 10, violating the site's terms of service.[9]
A January 2009 Compete.com study ranked Facebook as the most used social networking service by worldwide monthly active users.[10] Entertainment Weekly included the site on its end-of-the-decade "best-of" list, saying, "How on earth did we stalk our exes, remember our co-workers' birthdays, bug our friends, and play a rousing game of Scrabulous before Facebook?"[11] Critics, such as Facebook Detox,[12] state that Facebook has turned into a national obsession in the United States, resulting in vast amounts of time lost and encouraging narcissism. Quantcast estimates Facebook has 138.9 million monthly unique U.S. visitors in May 2011.[13] According to Social Media Today, in April 2010 an estimated 41.6% of the U.S. population had a Facebook account.[14] Nevertheless, Facebook's market growth started to stall in some regions, with the site losing 7 million active users in the United States and Canada in May 2011.[15]
The name of the service stems from the colloquial name for the book given to students at the start of the academic year by some university administrations in the United States to help students get to know each other. Facebook allows any users who declare themselves to be at least 13 years old to become registered users of the site.[16]
History and growth
In January 1994, Yang and Filo were electrical engineering graduate students at Stanford University when they created a website named "Jerry's guide to the world wide web".[8]
David and Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web was a directory of other
websites, organized in a hierarchy, as opposed to a searchable index of
pages. In March 1994, "David and Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web"
was renamed "Yahoo!"[9][10] The "yahoo.com" domain was created on January 18, 1995.[11]
The word "yahoo" is an acronym for "Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle"[12] The term "hierarchical" described how the Yahoo database was arranged in layers of subcategories. The term "oracle" was intended to mean "source of truth and wisdom," and the term "officious," rather than being related to the word's normal meaning, described the many office workers who would use the Yahoo database while surfing from work.[13] However, Filo and Yang insist they mainly selected the name because they liked the slang definition of a "yahoo" (used by college students in David Filo's native Louisiana in the late 1980s and early 1990s to refer to an unsophisticated, rural Southerner): "rude, unsophisticated, uncouth." Filo's college girlfriend often referred to Filo as a "yahoo." This meaning derives from the name of a race of fictional beings from Gulliver's Travels.
Yahoo grew rapidly throughout the 1990s. Like many search engines and web directories, Yahoo added a web portal. It also made many high-profile acquisitions. Its stock price skyrocketed during the dot-com bubble, Yahoo stocks closing at an all-time high of $118.75 a share on January 3, 2000. However, after the dot-com bubble burst, it reached a post-bubble low of $4.05 on September 26, 2001.
In 2000, Yahoo began using Google for search. Over the next four years, it developed its own search technologies, which it began using in 2004. Yahoo revamped its mail service to compete with Google's Gmail in 2007. The company struggled through 2008, with several large layoffs.
In February 2008, Microsoft Corporation made an unsolicited bid to acquire Yahoo for USD $44.6 billion. Yahoo formally rejected the bid, claiming that it "substantially undervalues" the company and was not in the interest of its shareholders. Three years later, Yahoo had a market capitalization of USD $22.24 billion.[14] Carol Bartz replaced Yang as CEO in January 2009.[15] In September 2011, she was removed from her position at Yahoo by the company's chairman Roy Bostock, and CFO Tim Morse was named as Interim CEO of the company.
In early 2012, after the appointment of Scott Thompson as CEO, rumors began to spread about looming layoffs. Several key executives, such as Chief Product Officer Blake Irving left.[16] On April 4, 2012, Yahoo announced a cut of 2,000 jobs or about 14 percent of its 14,100 workers. The cut is expected to save around $375 million annually after the layoffs are completed at end of 2012.[17] In an email sent to employees in April 2012, Thompson reiterated his view that customers should come first at Yahoo. He also completely reorganized the company.[18]
On May 13, 2012, Yahoo issued a press release stating that Thompson was no longer with the company, and would immediately be replaced on an interim basis by Ross Levinsohn, recently appointed head of Yahoo's new Media group.[18][19][20] Thompson's total compensation for his 130-day tenure with Yahoo was at least $7.3 million.[21]
In June 2012, Yahoo hired former Google director, Michael Barrett as its Chief Revenue Officer.[22]
The word "yahoo" is an acronym for "Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle"[12] The term "hierarchical" described how the Yahoo database was arranged in layers of subcategories. The term "oracle" was intended to mean "source of truth and wisdom," and the term "officious," rather than being related to the word's normal meaning, described the many office workers who would use the Yahoo database while surfing from work.[13] However, Filo and Yang insist they mainly selected the name because they liked the slang definition of a "yahoo" (used by college students in David Filo's native Louisiana in the late 1980s and early 1990s to refer to an unsophisticated, rural Southerner): "rude, unsophisticated, uncouth." Filo's college girlfriend often referred to Filo as a "yahoo." This meaning derives from the name of a race of fictional beings from Gulliver's Travels.
Yahoo grew rapidly throughout the 1990s. Like many search engines and web directories, Yahoo added a web portal. It also made many high-profile acquisitions. Its stock price skyrocketed during the dot-com bubble, Yahoo stocks closing at an all-time high of $118.75 a share on January 3, 2000. However, after the dot-com bubble burst, it reached a post-bubble low of $4.05 on September 26, 2001.
In 2000, Yahoo began using Google for search. Over the next four years, it developed its own search technologies, which it began using in 2004. Yahoo revamped its mail service to compete with Google's Gmail in 2007. The company struggled through 2008, with several large layoffs.
In February 2008, Microsoft Corporation made an unsolicited bid to acquire Yahoo for USD $44.6 billion. Yahoo formally rejected the bid, claiming that it "substantially undervalues" the company and was not in the interest of its shareholders. Three years later, Yahoo had a market capitalization of USD $22.24 billion.[14] Carol Bartz replaced Yang as CEO in January 2009.[15] In September 2011, she was removed from her position at Yahoo by the company's chairman Roy Bostock, and CFO Tim Morse was named as Interim CEO of the company.
In early 2012, after the appointment of Scott Thompson as CEO, rumors began to spread about looming layoffs. Several key executives, such as Chief Product Officer Blake Irving left.[16] On April 4, 2012, Yahoo announced a cut of 2,000 jobs or about 14 percent of its 14,100 workers. The cut is expected to save around $375 million annually after the layoffs are completed at end of 2012.[17] In an email sent to employees in April 2012, Thompson reiterated his view that customers should come first at Yahoo. He also completely reorganized the company.[18]
On May 13, 2012, Yahoo issued a press release stating that Thompson was no longer with the company, and would immediately be replaced on an interim basis by Ross Levinsohn, recently appointed head of Yahoo's new Media group.[18][19][20] Thompson's total compensation for his 130-day tenure with Yahoo was at least $7.3 million.[21]
In June 2012, Yahoo hired former Google director, Michael Barrett as its Chief Revenue Officer.[22]
Yahoo
Yahoo! Inc.. is an American multinational internet corporation Headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, United States. The company is best known for its web portal, search engine (Yahoo! Search) and for a variety of other services, Including the Yahoo! Directory, Yahoo! Mail, Yahoo! News, Yahoo! Finance, Yahoo! Groups, Yahoo! Answers, advertising, online mapping, video sharing, fantasy sports and its social media website. It is one of the most popular sites in the United States. [3] According to news sources, roughly 700 million people visit Yahoo! websites every month. [4] [5] Yahoo itself claims it Attracts "more than half a billion consumers every month in more than 30 languages. "[6]
Yahoo! Inc.. was founded by Jerry Yang and David Filo in January 1994 and was incorporated on March 1, 1995. On July 16, 2012, the former Google executive, Marissa Mayer, was named as Yahoo's CEO and President, effective July 17. [7]
Yahoo! Inc.. was founded by Jerry Yang and David Filo in January 1994 and was incorporated on March 1, 1995. On July 16, 2012, the former Google executive, Marissa Mayer, was named as Yahoo's CEO and President, effective July 17. [7]
growth Twitter
growth Twitter
Already over 400,000 chirp sent-perform (post) per quarter in 2007. Then develop into a 100 million-performing chirp shipped per quarter in 2008. At the end of 2009, 2 billion per quarter chirp been sent-appear. In the first quarter of 2010, 4 billion chirp sent-appear. In February 2010 Twitter users send 50 million per day. In June 2010, about 65 million were shipped chirp-appear every day, equivalent to about 750 chirp sent every second, according to Twitter.
Twitter users will be more active when there is a prominent event. For example, a record was created in the 2010 World Cup, when fans wrote in 2940 chirp per second in both the 30 after Japan scored against Cameroon on June 14, 2010. The record was broken again when 3085 chirp per second sent-appear after the victory of the Los Angeles Lakers in the 2010 NBA Finals on June 17, 2010. This also happens when singer Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009, Twitter servers down because users updating their status to include the words "Michael Jackson" at a rate of 100,000 per hour chirp.
Already over 400,000 chirp sent-perform (post) per quarter in 2007. Then develop into a 100 million-performing chirp shipped per quarter in 2008. At the end of 2009, 2 billion per quarter chirp been sent-appear. In the first quarter of 2010, 4 billion chirp sent-appear. In February 2010 Twitter users send 50 million per day. In June 2010, about 65 million were shipped chirp-appear every day, equivalent to about 750 chirp sent every second, according to Twitter.
Twitter users will be more active when there is a prominent event. For example, a record was created in the 2010 World Cup, when fans wrote in 2940 chirp per second in both the 30 after Japan scored against Cameroon on June 14, 2010. The record was broken again when 3085 chirp per second sent-appear after the victory of the Los Angeles Lakers in the 2010 NBA Finals on June 17, 2010. This also happens when singer Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009, Twitter servers down because users updating their status to include the words "Michael Jackson" at a rate of 100,000 per hour chirp.
History of Twitter
History
Creation and initial reaction
"...we came across the word 'twitter', and it was just perfect. The definition was 'a short burst of inconsequential information,' and 'chirps from birds'. And that's exactly what the product was." – Jack Dorsey[16]The first Twitter prototype was used as an internal service for Odeo employees and the full version was introduced publicly on July 15, 2006.[7] In October 2006, Biz Stone, Evan Williams, Dorsey, and other members of Odeo formed Obvious Corporation and acquired Odeo and all of its assets – including Odeo.com and Twitter.com – from the investors and shareholders.[17] Williams fired Glass who was silent about his part in Twitter's startup until 2011.[18] Twitter spun off into its own company in April 2007.[19]
The tipping point for Twitter's popularity was the 2007 South by Southwest Interactive (SXSWi) conference. During the event, Twitter usage increased from 20,000 tweets per day to 60,000.[20] "The Twitter people cleverly placed two 60-inch plasma screens in the conference hallways, exclusively streaming Twitter messages," remarked Newsweek's Steven Levy. "Hundreds of conference-goers kept tabs on each other via constant twitters. Panelists and speakers mentioned the service, and the bloggers in attendance touted it."[21]
Reaction at the conference was highly positive. Blogger Scott Beale said that Twitter "absolutely rul[ed]" SXSWi. Social software researcher danah boyd said Twitter "own[ed]" the conference.[22] Twitter staff received the festival's Web Award prize with the remark "we'd like to thank you in 140 characters or less. And we just did!"[23]
The first unassisted off-Earth Twitter message was posted from the International Space Station by NASA astronaut T. J. Creamer on January 22, 2010.[24] By late November 2010, an average of a dozen updates per day were posted on the astronauts' communal account, @NASA_Astronauts. NASA has also hosted over 25 "tweetups", events that provide guests with VIP access to NASA facilities and speakers with the goal of leveraging participants' social networks to further the outreach goals of NASA.
In August 2010, the company appointed Adam Bain as President of Revenue from News Corp.'s Fox Audience Network.[25]
On September 14, 2010, Twitter launched a redesigned site[26] including a new logo.[citation needed]
Twitter is a website owned and operated by Twitter Inc.., Which offers a social networking micro-blogging that allows users to send and read messages called chirp [7] (tweets). Tweets are text posts of up to 140 characters displayed on the user profile page. Tweets can be seen outside, but senders can restrict message delivery to their friends list only. Users can see other writers chirp known as followers ("followers").
All users can send and receive chirp via the Twitter website, compatible external applications (cell phones), or with a short message (SMS) available in certain countries. The site is based in San Bruno, California near San Francisco, where the site was first made. Twitter also has servers and offices in San Antonio, Texas and Boston, Massachusetts.
Since its creation in 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Twitter has gained popularity worldwide and currently has more than 100 million users. It is sometimes described as the "SMS of the Internet".
Twitter has a logo in the form of a blue bird named "Larry the" Bird ", named after a former NBA basketball player, Larry Bird.
All users can send and receive chirp via the Twitter website, compatible external applications (cell phones), or with a short message (SMS) available in certain countries. The site is based in San Bruno, California near San Francisco, where the site was first made. Twitter also has servers and offices in San Antonio, Texas and Boston, Massachusetts.
Since its creation in 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Twitter has gained popularity worldwide and currently has more than 100 million users. It is sometimes described as the "SMS of the Internet".
Twitter has a logo in the form of a blue bird named "Larry the" Bird ", named after a former NBA basketball player, Larry Bird.
popular culture
popular culture
Blogging (the Indonesian term for blogging) should be done almost any time to know the existence of the blog owner. Also to determine the extent to which blogs were treated (replace template) or add new articles. Now there are over 10 million blogs can be found on the Internet [citation needed], and can still grow even more, because now there is a lot of software, tools, and other Internet applications that make it easier for bloggers (the term blog owner) to take care of their blogs. In addition to caring for and continue to update them on his blog, the bloggers are relatively new and still often do blogwalking, the activities of the bloggers left a link on a blog or other people's sites while giving comments [citation needed].
Some bloggers now have even made the blog as the main source of income through advertising programs (such as AdSense, paid posts, link sales, or affiliate). So then came the term professional blogger or problogger, ie people who depend only from blogging activity [citation needed], because many channels of income funds, either dollars or dollars from this blogging activity [citation needed].
Blogging (the Indonesian term for blogging) should be done almost any time to know the existence of the blog owner. Also to determine the extent to which blogs were treated (replace template) or add new articles. Now there are over 10 million blogs can be found on the Internet [citation needed], and can still grow even more, because now there is a lot of software, tools, and other Internet applications that make it easier for bloggers (the term blog owner) to take care of their blogs. In addition to caring for and continue to update them on his blog, the bloggers are relatively new and still often do blogwalking, the activities of the bloggers left a link on a blog or other people's sites while giving comments [citation needed].
Some bloggers now have even made the blog as the main source of income through advertising programs (such as AdSense, paid posts, link sales, or affiliate). So then came the term professional blogger or problogger, ie people who depend only from blogging activity [citation needed], because many channels of income funds, either dollars or dollars from this blogging activity [citation needed].
Types of blogs
Types of blogs
Political Blog: More news, politics, activist, and all the issues-based blogs (such as campaigning).
Personal Blog: Also called an online diary which contains about one's everyday experience, complaints, poems or poetry, the idea of evil, and the conversation of friends.
Blog topic: Blogs that discuss about something, and focus on specific topics.
Health Blog: Be specific about health. Health Blog mostly contains the patient's complaint, the latest health news, information about health-ketarangan, etc..
Blog literature: Better known as litblog (Literary blog).
Travel blog: Focus on the journey that tells the story discussion particulars about traveling / traveling.
Blog research: The question of the latest academic research news.
Blog Law: The question of law or legal affairs, also called blawgs (Blog Laws).
Media Blog: Focusing on the discussion of a wide range of information
Religion Blog: Discussing religion
Blog education: Usually written by students or teachers.
Blog togetherness: more specific topic written by a particular group.
Blog instructions (directory): Contains hundreds of links pages.
Blog business: Used by employees or entrepreneurs for their business promotion activities
Blog manifestations: focus on objects beyond human like dog
Blog nuisance (spam): Used for business promotion affiliate, also known as splogs (Spam Blogs)
Political Blog: More news, politics, activist, and all the issues-based blogs (such as campaigning).
Personal Blog: Also called an online diary which contains about one's everyday experience, complaints, poems or poetry, the idea of evil, and the conversation of friends.
Blog topic: Blogs that discuss about something, and focus on specific topics.
Health Blog: Be specific about health. Health Blog mostly contains the patient's complaint, the latest health news, information about health-ketarangan, etc..
Blog literature: Better known as litblog (Literary blog).
Travel blog: Focus on the journey that tells the story discussion particulars about traveling / traveling.
Blog research: The question of the latest academic research news.
Blog Law: The question of law or legal affairs, also called blawgs (Blog Laws).
Media Blog: Focusing on the discussion of a wide range of information
Religion Blog: Discussing religion
Blog education: Usually written by students or teachers.
Blog togetherness: more specific topic written by a particular group.
Blog instructions (directory): Contains hundreds of links pages.
Blog business: Used by employees or entrepreneurs for their business promotion activities
Blog manifestations: focus on objects beyond human like dog
Blog nuisance (spam): Used for business promotion affiliate, also known as splogs (Spam Blogs)
community Blogger
community Blogger
Community blogger is a bond that is formed from [the bloggers] based on certain commonalities, such as the similarity of origin, similarity campus, in common hobbies, and so on. The bloggers who are members of blogger communities are usually often hold activities together like ground coffee.
To be able to join the community of bloggers, there is usually a kind of terms or rules that must be met in order to enter in the community, for example coming from a certain area.
Community blogger is a bond that is formed from [the bloggers] based on certain commonalities, such as the similarity of origin, similarity campus, in common hobbies, and so on. The bloggers who are members of blogger communities are usually often hold activities together like ground coffee.
To be able to join the community of bloggers, there is usually a kind of terms or rules that must be met in order to enter in the community, for example coming from a certain area.
History of blog
History of blog
Media blog was first popularized by Blogger.com, owned by Pyra Labs before finally PyraLab Google.Com acquired by the end of 2002. Since then, there are many applications that are open source dedicated to the development of the blog author.
Blogs have a very diverse functions, from a diary, media publicity in a political campaign, through media programs and corporations. Some blog maintained by a single author, while others by several authors,. Many weblogs also have the facility of interaction with the audience, such as using the guest book and comment columns to allow its visitors to leave comments on the contents of the published writings, however, there is also the opposite or a non-interactive.
Web sites that are related thanks to the weblog, or a total of a collection of weblogs often referred to as the blogosphere. Whenever a collection of wave activity, information and opinions are very large recurring for some very controversial subjects or occur in the blogosphere, it is often referred to as a storm blogstorm or blog.
Media blog was first popularized by Blogger.com, owned by Pyra Labs before finally PyraLab Google.Com acquired by the end of 2002. Since then, there are many applications that are open source dedicated to the development of the blog author.
Blogs have a very diverse functions, from a diary, media publicity in a political campaign, through media programs and corporations. Some blog maintained by a single author, while others by several authors,. Many weblogs also have the facility of interaction with the audience, such as using the guest book and comment columns to allow its visitors to leave comments on the contents of the published writings, however, there is also the opposite or a non-interactive.
Web sites that are related thanks to the weblog, or a total of a collection of weblogs often referred to as the blogosphere. Whenever a collection of wave activity, information and opinions are very large recurring for some very controversial subjects or occur in the blogosphere, it is often referred to as a storm blogstorm or blog.
Langganan:
Postingan (Atom)